WORKING PRINCIPLE OF 2-STROKE AND 4-STROKE MOTORS

A combustion motor is a device that functions to convert chemical energy (fuel) into mechanical motion energy carried out through the combustion process.  The combustion motor uses a cylinder in which there is a piston or piston that moves back and forth (translation). In the cylinder, the combustion process of the fuel mixture with oxygen occurs. The energy generated from the combustion process will then move the piston which is connected to the crank shaft using a connecting rod. The translational motion generated in the combustion process will be converted into rotational motion on the crankshaft which will then be connected to the transmission system.

Fuel motors are divided into several types, namely based on the type of fuel used and based on the work cycle. Based on the type of fuel used in the combustion process, combustion motors consist of two types, namely diesel motors and gasoline motors. The difference between the two types of combustion motors is based on the type of fuel and the ignition system.

 

In the gasoline motor, the combustion process uses a lighter in the form of a spark generated by a spark plug. Therefore, gasoline motors are often also called spark ignition engines (SIE). Whereas in combustion motors with diesel fuel the ignition process can occur by itself, where the fuel is sprayed into a combustion chamber containing air with high pressure and temperature. Therefore, the fuel will burn itself by air after the temperature of the fuel mixture has exceeded the ignition temperature of the fuel. Therefore, diesel motors are often also known as compression ignition engines (CIE).

 Maybe some of you don't know how the 2-stroke and 4-stroke engine mechanisms work. Many say that the workings of a 2-stroke engine are quite simpler than how a 4-stroke engine works, because only a few components work on a 2-stroke engine. For example, such as pistons, crankshafts and several other parts.

This 2-stroke motor does not use valves (valves) and nok (noken as). If examined again, the difference between 2-stroke and 4-stroke is very far indeed.

This can be seen from the construction of the engine, how it works, the components used and so on.

Let's go straight to the first discussion, namely how a 2-stroke engine works. Please pay close attention.

1.WORKING PRINCIPLE OF 2 STROKE ENGINE

Sumber:google.com,mesin2langkah

The 2-stroke engine has several advantages over the 4-stroke engine, namely the weight of the 2-stroke engine is lighter, cheaper in maintenance, development, and quite simple in its mechanism.

In addition, the performance produced by a 2-stroke motorcycle engine is much more responsive when compared to a 4-stroke engine.

Why is that? Because the rotation of this 2-stroke engine is only once and has the ability to perform 4 cycles, namely:

1.    Suction

2.    Expansion

3.    Compression

4.    Exhaust

The workings of this 2-stroke engine are divided into 2 parts, including:

Suction Step

        Suction Step

       

How is the suction step performed by a 2 stroke engine? Here's the explanation:

1.    When the piston moves from top dead center (TMA) to bottom dead center (TMB), the piston will press the clean space at the bottom. So, the farther away the piston is from top dead center and closer to bottom dead center, the more the piston will increase the pressure that will occur in the cleaning chamber.

2.    In certain phases, the piston ring will pass through the In and Ex holes. The position of each of these holes will depend on the design of the engine itself. Usually the piston ring or seher will pass through the exhaust hole first, then enter the intake hole.

3.    When the piston ring passes through the exhaust hole, the gas in the combustion chamber comes out through the exhaust hole.

4.    When the seher ring passes through the intake hole, the gas collected in the rinse chamber will enter the combustion chamber and also simultaneously push out the gases in the combustion chamber.

Exhaust Stepw

How is the suction step performed by a 2 stroke engine? Here's the explanation:

1.    When the piston moves from top dead center (TMA) to bottom dead center (TMB), the piston will press the clean space at the bottom. So, the farther away the piston is from top dead center and closer to bottom dead center, the more the piston will increase the pressure that will occur in the cleaning chamber.

2.    In certain phases, the piston ring will pass through the In and Ex holes. The position of each of these holes will depend on the design of the engine itself. Usually the piston ring or seher will pass through the exhaust hole first, then enter the intake hole.

3.    When the piston ring passes through the exhaust hole, the gas in the combustion chamber comes out through the exhaust hole.

4.    When the seher ring passes through the intake hole, the gas collected in the rinse chamber will enter the combustion chamber and also simultaneously push out the gases in the combustion chamber.

2. 4-STROKE MOTOR

         

       

       

                                                             Sumber:google.com.mesin4langkah

 

A 4-stroke motor is a motor that gets one combustion process by requiring 4 piston movements, namely, 2 steps up and 2 steps down with 2 crankshaft rotations.

The 4-stroke motor, in one work cycle, experiences 4 steps, namely, suction, compression, work and exhaust steps. The following are the steps and work cycle of a 4 stroke (4 stroke) combustion motor.

 

 

1.Step 1 (Suction Step)

The piston moves from the top dead point (TMA) to the bottom dead point (TMB), the position of the intake valve (intake valve) is open while the exit valve (Exhaust Valve) is closed, resulting in a mixture of air and fuel will enter the combustion chamber. With a mixture ratio of 14.7:1

2.Step 2 (Compression Step)

The piston moves from TMB to TMA, the inlet valve and outlet valve are closed, resulting in a mixture of air and fuel in the combustion chamber compressed (compression). Some time before the piston gets to the TMA position there will be a timing ignition. In gasoline engines, the flame is produced by spark plugs while in diesel engines it is produced by high pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber

3.Step 3 (Working Step)

The fuel and air mixture burning in the combustion chamber will increase the temperature and pressure in the combustion chamber so that the piston will be pushed from TMA to TMB. In this step, power is generated which will then be transmitted to the next process.

 

4.Step 4 (Exhaust Step)

The piston will move from TMB to TMA, the position of the inlet valve is closed and the outlet valve will open. The remaining combustion gases will be pushed out towards the exit valve which is open for further forwarding to the exhaust drain.

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